Education in Pakistan Essay

Instruction in Pakistan is managed by the government’s Ministry of Education and the common governments, while the national government for the most part aids educational program improvement, accreditation and in the financing of examination. The article 25-An of Constitution of Pakistan commits the state to give free and necessary quality instruction to offspring of the age bunch 5 to 16 years. â€Å"The State will give free and mandatory instruction to all offspring of the age of five to sixteen years in such a way as might be dictated by law†. [3] The instruction framework in Pakistan is commonly partitioned into five levels: essential (grades one through five); center (grades six through eight); high(grades nine and ten, prompting the Secondary School Certificate or SSC); moderate (grades eleven and twelve, prompting a Higher Secondary (School) Certificate or HSC); and college programs prompting undergrad and advanced educations. [4] The proficiency rate ranges from 87% in Islamabad to 20% in the Kohlu District. [5] Between 2000â€2004, Pakistanis in the age bunch 55â€64 had an education pace of practically 30%, those matured between 45â€54 had a proficiency pace of about 40%, those between 25â€34 had a proficiency pace of half, and those matured 15â€24 had an education pace of 60%. [6] Literacy rates differ locally, especially by sex. In ancestral zones female education is 7. 5%. [7]Moreover, English is quick spreading in Pakistan, with 18 million Pakistanis[8] (11% of the population)[8] having an order over the English language, which makes it the ninth Largest English Speaking Nation[9] on the planet and the third biggest in Asia. [8] in addition, Pakistan produces around 445,000 college graduates and 10,000 software engineering graduates for every year. [10] Despite these measurements, Pakistan despite everything has one of the most elevated absence of education rates on the planet. [11] Education Expenditure as Percentage of GDP Public use on instruction lies on the edges of 2 percent of GDP. Be that as it may, the administration as of late endorsed the new national instruction strategy, which specifies that training use will be expanded to 7% of GDP,[22] a thought that was first recommended by the Punjab government. [23] Author of an article, which surveys the historical backdrop of instruction spending in Pakistan since 1972, contends that this arrangement target brings up an essential issue: What exceptional things will happen that would empower Pakistan to accomplish inside six years what it has been not able to lay a hand on in the previous six decades? The strategy record is clear on this inquiry and doesn't examine the presumptions that structure the premise of this objective. Counts of the creator show that during the previous 37 years, the most noteworthy open consumption on instruction was 2. 80 percent of GDP in 1987-88. Open consumption on training as a level of GDP was really decreased in 16 years and kept up in 5 years somewhere in the range of 1972â€73 and 2008-09. In this manner, out of absolute a long time since 1972, open use on training as a level of GDP either diminished or stayed stale for a long time. The creator contends if direct pattern were kept up since 1972, Pakistan could have contacted 4 percent of GDP certainly before 2015. Be that as it may, it is probably not going to happen in light of the fact that the degrees of spending have had remained altogether flighty and insecure previously. Given this disillusioning direction, expanding open consumption on instruction to 7 percent of GDP would be nothing not exactly a marvel except for it won't be of faithful nature. Rather, it will be the one of political nature since it must be â€Å"invented† by the individuals who are in charge of issues. The creator recommends that little achievement can be made except if Pakistan embraces a â€Å"unconventional† way to deal with instruction. In other words, instruction segment ought to be treated as a unique division by inoculating budgetary portions for it from financial anxieties and political and monetary insecurities. Allotments for instruction ought not be influenced by crushed monetary space or flood in military consumption or obligations. Simultaneously, there is a need to discuss others choices about how Pakistan can â€Å"invent† the supernatural occurrence of raising training consumption to 7 percent of GDP by 2015. [24]

Pepsi Project Report Essay Example For Students

Pepsi Project Report Essay A SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT ON â€Å"ANALYSIS OF ANTI PEPSI Behavior OF RETAIL OUTLETS† SUBMITED TOWARDS PARTIAL Fulfillment OF POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED BY-PRADEEP PANKAJ SINGH PGDM(2008-10) ENROLMENT NO-2029742128. Workforce GUIDE INDUSTRY GUIDE MR. VISHAL AGGARWAL MR. RAVEND BIJLANI ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR C. E. SHUKLA SALES BLS INSTIUTE OF MANAGEMENT PEPSICO HOLDINGS INDIA LIMITED, LUCKNOW, BLS INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT Opposite Mohan Meakin Factory, Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad. Introduction The PGDM program is very much organized and coordinated course of business considers. The fundamental target of down to earth preparing at PGDM level is to create aptitude in understudy by supplement to the hypothetical investigation of business the executives all in all. Mechanical preparing assists with increasing genuine information about the modern condition and strategic policies. The PGDM program gives understudy a basic information on business and authoritative capacities and exercises, just as an introduction to key considering the board. In each expert course, preparing is a significant factor. Teachers give us hypothetical information on different subjects in the school yet we are for all intents and purposes uncovered of such subjects when we get the preparation in the association. It is just the preparation through which I come to realize that what an industry is and how it functions. I can find out about different departmental activities being acted in the business, which would, consequently, help me later on when I will enter the down to earth field. Preparing is a fundamental piece of PGDM and every single understudy needs to experience the preparation for 2 months in an organization and afterward set up a task report on the equivalent after the fulfillment of preparing. During this entire preparing I got a great deal of understanding and came to think about the administration rehearses in genuine that how it contrasts from those of hypothetical information and the essentially in the reality. In today’s globalize world, where merciless rivalry is winning in the market, hypothetical information isn't adequate. Close to this one have to have commonsense information, which would help a person in his/her bearer exercises and the facts demonstrate that â€Å"Experience is the best teacher†. Affirmation With huge delight, I might want to introduce this venture report for Pepsico Holdings India Limited. It has been an improving encounter for me to experience my mid year preparing at PEPSI, which would not have conceivable without the altruism and backing of the individuals around. As an understudy of BLSIM I might want to communicate my true thanks too every one of the individuals who helped me during my functional preparing program. Words are inadequate to offer my thanks toward Mr. Ravend Bijlani, the Customer Executive of Shukla Sales, Lucknow, Mr. Vishal Aggarwal Project Guide and Mr. Kuldeep Kaul (Marketing Head of Department Of BLSIM) My ardent much gratitude goes to all who helped me to pick up information about the genuine working and the procedures engaged with different divisions. Be that as it may, I acknowledge the sole obligation regarding any conceivable blunder of exclusion and would be amazingly appreciative to the perusers of this undertaking report in the event that they carry such missteps to my notification. Saying thanks to You Pradeep Pankaj Singh Enrollment No. 2029742128 DECLARATION I, Pradeep Pankaj Singh, do thusly pronounce that the mid year temporary position venture report put together by me for the fractional satisfaction of necessity for the Post Graduate Diploma in Management of BLS Institute of Management Ghaziabad. This has not been submitted to some other college/foundation for the compensation of any degree/recognition endorsement. Pradeep Pankaj Singh INDEX | |Sr. No. |Content |Page No. | |1. |Executive Summary |6 | |2. Goal of Summer Training |7 | |3. |Introduction of Project |8 | |4. History of Company |9-11 | |5. |Company Profile |11-41 | |6. Research Methodology |42-48 | |7. |Project Analysis |49-61 | |8. |Finding Suggestion |61-62 | 9. End | 63 | 10. | Questionnaire | 64 | 65 | |11. |Bibliography | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I, Pradeep Pankaj Singh felt special to be a piece of BLS Institute of Management Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad. I did my late spring entry level position preparing in Pepsico Holdings India Limited a FMCG part organization. My venture title is â€Å"ANALYSIS OF ANTI PEPSI Behavior OF RETAIL OUTLET†. The project’s essential target is to breaking down the counter Pepsi conduct of retail outlets under the distributorship of Shukla Sales, sitapur street, lucknow. In this venture I studied in regions of Shukla Sales and posed chosen inquiries to the outlet proprietors who were either not selling pepsi items or selling in exceptionally less amount. Out of my venture I took in these things: Pepsi ought to comprehend the desires for individuals If one needs to develop in FMCG part one should remember the accompanying components that the items are effectively accessible to the shoppers, to improve the nature of items now and again, serious administrations ought to be given to the retailers, the cost of the item ought to be low and last yet not the least the perceivability and the limited time methodology ought to be with the end goal that it hits people’s mind. Target OF THE SUMMER TRAINING Subject : â€Å"Analysis of Anti Pepsi Behavior of the Retail Outlets† During my late spring preparing I have chipped away at the theme â€Å"Analysis of Anti Pepsi Behavior of the Retail Outlets† In Pepsi Co India Holding Pvt. Ltd crafted by Anti Pepsi Outlet Survey was given to me . I have done this study remembering the accompanying goals which I have referenced underneath ? Study those outlets which are not advancing Pepsi items in the region canvassed in Shukla Sales, Lucknow ? To break down the reasons of not selling Pepsi at retailers level. ? To consider the retailers fulfillment. To discover the approaches to improve the offer of Pepsi. Presentation Beverage industry is one of the quickly developing ventures in India .it tends to be isolated into two areas I. e. carbonated and non-carbonated. the carbonated beverages that can be additionally ordered into cola, lemon orange, mango and apple sections. Showcasing incorporates all the exercises like advancement, ci rculation, publicizing and so on. To satisfy all the portions of shoppers. Promoting is likewise to change over social needs into beneficial chances. So this theme gives all the fundamentals to hypothetical information with pragmatic information and to instill the effectiveness. t is additionally prerequisite for the organization to improve their administration and item quality for accomplishing their definitive objective. Undoubtedly, it is confronting the ferocious rivalry due to the accessibility of an enormous number of roundabout just as immediate contenders. Single organization offers the soda pop to the market in various taste and flavors. In this industry whole scope of flavors are created by different contenders moreover. All the more regularly it gets difficult to separate between similar kinds of two unique brands, when served in plane holder, run too. Every one of these elements together make the circumstance entangled. other than both comparing brands have the comparative cost. COMPANY’S HISTORY BEVERAGES Pepsi Cola Company Caleb Bradham, a New Bern, N. C. pharmacist who previously detailed Pepsi-cola, established Pepsi Co. ’s drink business when the new century rolled over I. e. in the year 1890. A youthful phannacist Called Bradham started testing in 1890 as a solution for dyspepsia (heartburn) with mix of flavors, 1 juices and syrups and made a reviving new beverage to serve his client. He prevailing past all desires as he designed the new refreshment currently referred to around the globe as PEPSICOLE In 1902, he propelled the Pepsi Cola Company in the back room of drug store, and applied to U. S. quiet office for Trade Mark. The business started to develop and on June 16,1993, Pepsi-Cola trademark was formally enlisted with U. S. office. Bradham thought showcasing would e the way to PEPSI-COLA flourishing and in his first year of business he burned through $1900 on publicizing when he sold 40,000 liters of syrup. In 1905 he assembled Pepsi fits packaging plant. Three additional plants followed soon and in 1907, he was selling 50,000 liters year. Inconveniences began toward the finish of the First World War when Bradham over supplied sugar at significant expense, which in this manner plunged in 1920. By 1922, the organization was indebted by 1923, it failed and Bradham came back to drug store. In 1931, the organization failed for the subsequent time. As of now charless Groth, leader of a monster candy organization both the trademark. His prosperity came when he offered a 12-ounce bottle at 5 penny while different colas were sold at a similar cost in 6 ounce bottles. In 1936, Pepsi has a $2 million net benefit. Today buyers spend about $31 billion on Pepsi-Cola refreshments. Brand Pepsi and other Pepsi-Cola items including Diet Pepsi, 7UP Pepsi Blue, Mountain Dew, cut and Mugvrands-Account for almost 33% of all out soda pop deals in the United States, a customer marker totaling about $56 billion. In 1992 Pepsi-Cola framed an association with Thomas J. Liption Co. Today Liption is the greatest offering prepared to drink tea brand in the United States. Outside the United States, Pepsi-Cola Companys soda pop activities incorporate the matter of even-up International; Pepsi-Cola drinks are accessible in around 170 nations. Pepsi-Cola started selling it items globally in 1934 with its activities in Canada. Activities became quickly starting during the 1950s. Today Pepsi-Cola items represent about a fourth of every soda pop sold universally. Notwithstanding brands advertised in the United States, Major items incorporate Mirinda and Pepsi Max. Pepsi-Cola gives publicizing, showcasing, deals and limited time backing to Pepsi-Cola jugs and food administration cus

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 34

The board - Essay Example The accessibility of Nike to different advertisers would imply that clients can simply get them there. This presents a significant issue as a bunch of writing show that sports shoe client inclinations is profoundly slanted towards those items which are outwardly engaging and having execution improving highlights (Locke 2003, 52). In other words, clients are not prone to pick an option over Nike on account of provider issues however would rather search out the item in different stores particularly when the highlights of the shoes are engaging (Lim and Philips 2007, 146). This would result to moving client dedication coming about to misfortunes in deals therefore hurting business activities and representative remuneration (Jordaan 2011, 622; Tengblad and Ohlsson 2007, 657). Then again, a few prominent organizations, for example, Starbucks and Apple have additionally found sadly and cost that notorieties can be significantly influenced by the ecological and social effects of their flexibly arranges (Gereffi et al 2005, 101). The negative impact turns out to be progressively significant considering the intensity of informal communication to impact client discernment (Carroll and Shabana 2010, 88). Consequently, stopping offer of Nike items would forestall any negative PR and the going with misfortunes particularly thinking about that the organization has quite recently received the Fair Trade guideline. This picked way can likewise profit society by and large as it advances a culture of mindful strategic policies through thinking about how items are being sourced (Schwartz et al 2007, 506; Wells 2009, 570). Be that as it may, given the chance of clients to simply look for Nike items on different stores and the quality of the brand, it is judicious to not thoroughly surrender the brand. Joining business with moral practices requires a compromise among productivity and moral standards the organization

Sprint and Verizon Vertical and Horizontal Analysis free essay sample

The vertical examination for Sprint’s monetary record shows that over 60% of the company’s resources are held in its remote licenses with the FCC and property, plant and hardware, neither of which is promptly fluid. Additionally, 54% of the Sprint’s liabilities are long haul obligation. These things show the organization might be in danger to reimburse its obligation. The flat accounting report investigation for Sprint shows that benefits commonly expanded in 2009 and liabilities in general diminished in 2009. The vertical salary explanation for Sprint shows a decline in the company’s total deficit as a percent of incomes in the course of recent years and the even examination shows an abatement in incomes in 2008 and 2009 from 2007, yet additionally brought about lower cost and lower total deficit. The vertical examination for Verizon’s accounting report shows 72% of the company’s resources are held in its remote licenses with the FCC and property and hardware. Like Sprint, neither of these advantages is profoundly fluid to take care of obligation if necessary for the time being. We will compose a custom article test on Run and Verizon Vertical and Horizontal Analysis or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Verizon’s liabilities are equally disseminated with just 31% held in long haul obligation. The vertical salary explanation for Verizon shows a decline in total compensation of around 2% year over year as a level of income. The flat salary proclamation shows 2009 brought about that year monetarily as 2007 after an expansion in incomes and overall gain in 2008. Standard Poor’s Industry Survey’s page on their site gives †information about the present business condition, industry patterns, key industry proportions and insights, how to examine an organization, a glossary of terms and a near organization money related analysis†

Physics Word Problem Solver

Physics Word Problem SolverPhysics Word Problem Solver is a free online game that has you solve math and science puzzles. It's fun and exciting to play because you are given a choice of solving each problem using the words that you can find in the puzzle.You first find the word for the problem by selecting it from the left-hand menu on the top-right corner of the screen, or from the main menu. Then use the 'Solve' button to ask for help or type in the problem, which you can usually find at the bottom of the page.The next step is to select the question that you need to answer. This is also provided on the left-hand menu, and the question will be displayed on the right-hand side of the screen. Click on it to complete the puzzle and add it to your score.Physics is an interesting subject and the game that I played was fun and challenging. It's very easy to learn and fun to play, so why not give it a try.There are different versions of the game available. If you want to play it quickly an d you don't have much time, then try the easy one. If you want to play a challenge then I recommend that you download the more difficult version.There are many web sites that offer free downloads of this physics word problem solver game. You can either download the game and play it instantly, or you can download it and then you can start to master it.The physics games are well designed and a lot of fun. I personally prefer to play the physics word problem solver game as opposed to other puzzle games because it's exciting to think that you can solve the problems yourself.So if you are interested in playing a physics word problem solver, then go and download it today. It's free and there are many versions available so you can choose the one that you want.

Rococo Art Movement - Free Essay Example

Originating in France, the Rococo art movement was incorporated into Italy around the eighteenth century (Columbia Encyclopedia, Italian Art The Rococo Period). During this time, Italy experienced corrupt politics by aristocrats taking hegemonic control of politics and economics in order to maintain their position in society (Britannica, Italy Reform and Enlightenment). Towards the latter portion of the seventeenth century and throughout the nineteenth century, the Enlightenment era was present in Europe (History: Enlightenment). However, Italys lack of incorporation of technological and philosophical advancements was apparent in Italy until the nineteenth century because of their setback from manipulated politics and economics (Italian Philosophy). While corrupt politics and limited opportunities for economic growth were the primary causes for Italys late implementation of enlightened ideas, many pieces of Italian Rococo art send the message that Italians long for improvement in political, social, and cultural conditions by adopting the ideas of the Enlightenment. Around 1707, the Italian Rococo artist, Alessandro Magnasco, painted The Tame Magpie, which depicts a magpie being taught to sing by an Italian on a part (see Fig.1). Magnascos painting is not sublime because the tone of the painting is not serious nor depicts an image of greatness beyond calculation (Tate.org, Sublime). However, the underlying message that Magnasco conveys in this painting is one that containsawe and vastness (Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists). In The Tame Magpie, the suffering Italians, a worn out column, and a broken arch with an abundance of greenery represents the ruin of Italy, which has the potential and desire to grow out of ruination through the implementation of enlightened ideas that are symbolized by the arrival of the intelligent magpie and the distant sailor. While Magnascos painting incorporates faint shades of blue, tan, brown, and green, the brightest component of the painting is the light behind the small dark colored magpie, which highlights the intelligent magpie as a symbol of enlightenment that will help Italy in times of despair. The light directly behind the singing magpie sitting above the brown barrels is of a white coloration that combines featherlike specs of gold. The darkly feathered magpie boldly stands out because it is contrasted by the light behind it. This light derives from the opposite end of the body of water behind the port, alluding that the magpie flew from a distant land. In fact, a magpie is considered by some researchers to be among the most intelligent of all animals, and do not originate from Italy, meaning that the magpie present in the painting flew into Italy from an enlightened land (Earthfire Institute, The Intelligence of Crows and Magpies). Thus, the land the magpie came from directly links to its intelligence, which is validated by the Metropolitan Museum of Arts description of the painting, people from the fringes of society have gathered to watch the spectacle of a man trying to teach a magpie to sing†an impossible task. However, unlike many other birds in nature, magpies can be taught how to sing, proving that they are extremely intelligent animals that represent a figure mighty enough to conquer the impossible (Youtube, Magpie Singing). Magnascos purpose of accentuating the magpie through the usage of light contributes to the broader significance of this intelligence; the magpie is a symbol of hope for an enlightened European empire that will enter and transform Italy to become an innovative country. While Magnasco promotes the Enlightenment through the magpie, he paints the sun rising over the horizon to display Italys desire to escape a society that lacks progress for its citizens. To the left of the barrels that maintain the magpie, an arch is made of stone. Visible through the arch is a body of water that reveals the painting is set in a port in Italy. The contrast in color between the brownstone arch with the blue sky and darker blue water allows Magnasco to draw the attention of viewers to see what is between the arch and the port. Evident in the space between the arch is a blue silhouette of a sailor and the sun attempting to shine over the horizon. Even though the sun is not fully above the horizon, the light that is visible from the horizon line is as far behind the port as is the light behind the magpie. Thus, the magpies symbol of bringing progress to Italy from an enlightened country connects to the light that peeks over the horizon. The suns yearning to emit all of its light above the horizon corresponds to Italys yearning for adopting enlightened ideas into its society but surely, the sun will be able to fully rise over the horizon, meaning that one day Italy will adopt the innovations of the Enlightenment era. The way in which these advanced ideas will be implemented into Italy in this painting is through the blue sailor that is highlighted by the light over the horizon. On the other side of the barrels, worn-out Italians are juxtaposed by a blue sailor, signifying Italy is facing a time of ruin and will be helped by enlightenment. Four Italians lift their hands towards the singing magpie sitting above the barrels, whereas more Italians are scattered along the port. Each individuals face is discolored, containing dark shadows as well as various shades of brown that contrast their usual tan skin. The shadows and discoloration portray the Italians as dirty individuals, alluding to the notion that they are suffering and live in poverty due to the disconnect with enlightenment that delays progression for the country. Also, the clothing worn by the individuals is torn and worn out; looking at the woman feeding her children, her yellow dress is torn at the shoulders while the man in front of her is wearing oversized clothing. Combining the discolored shadowed faces of these individuals with their ruined clothing, Magnasco portrays the Italians living in a state of agony. Proving that Italians lived in poor living conditions, wealthy gentlemen on the Grand Tour visited the remains of the Roman Empire and reported that Italian lived in a state of poverty and provincialism (Dickie, Delizia!: The Epic History of the Italians and Their Food). While the sailor is highlighted by the suns beam of light over the horizon, the afflicted individuals are juxtaposed with the calm sailor. The difference between the untroubled sailor and the aching Italians proves that similar to the magpie, the sailor represents the ability to lift these hurting individuals out of its ruins from the Roman Empire and into a state of prosperity that will be influenced by the innovations of the Enlightenment. One of the many Italians on the floor of the port is a man who is the center of the painting and extends his long half clothed body to introduce the relationship between the light brightening the agonized Italians and the intelligent magpies symbol. Looking towards the magpie with faces of despair, the large group of Italians appear to be tired, yet they are not hiding from the light that is shining on them. While the centered man seems to have a light source shining on him, the other citizens on the port are also illuminated with light. However, the light that is shining onto these humans is not the same source of light that is behind the magpie. This source of light appears to be coming into the painting from the direction the magpie sings in, which presents the Italians as individuals who desire to receive the intelligence and advancements the magpie will provide to them through enlightened ideas. Portraying the Italians as exhausted individuals declares a relationship that exists between the Italians and the magpies symbol of bringing a state of well-being into Italy. Rather than hiding from the light that is cast onto them, the Italians long to receive the enlightened ideas the magpie will implement into Italy to undergo a transformation from a ruined country to an advanced nation in Europe. Towering over the Italians on the ports floor is a column containing a broken arch with an abundance of greenery that supports the message that the Italians are suffering amongst their ruins. While the column is tall, the paint on the column appears to have chipped away over the last few years. This implies that the column is a remain of the Roman Empire, which signifies that the Italians are living amongst the ruins of their glorious past. Connected to the column are two arches that branch out in different directions. However, the arch on the left side of the column is broken. While the broken arch contributes to the ruins of the Roman Empire, it connects to Italys brokenness that resulted from corrupt aristocrats manipulating politics and economics in their favor; this led to Italys inability to progress by adopting the ideas of the Enlightenment. On both arches, mossy greenery is growing out of the rock that makes up the arch. The plants that are growing out of the arch are lithophytes, which grow in or on bare rocks but contain dead tissue (World of Flowering.com). Therefore, the greenery does not represent growth, but it is associated with decay. Magnasco incorporates lithophytes on the arches to emphasize that while the Italians are living amongst its ruins, Italy has decayed instead of having grown out of ruination. Combining the Roman Empires broken arch and the decaying lithophytes, Magnasco conveys the idea that Italians are suffering by living in a state of desolation alongside their ruins. If Italy incorporated the technological advancements, social ideas, and lifestyles associated with the Enlightenment movement occurring in other European countries, the empire of Enlightenment would be able to improve Italy. The tiresome Italians, old column, and broken arch enforce the notion that Italy is facing a period of suffering. However, illuminating the singing magpie and sailor to illustrate a symbol of prosperity that will be brought to Italy creates a connection between light and intelligence for the future of Italy to rise above its ruins of the Roman Empire. The idea of the Italians being able to grow out of a state of agony and develop into an eminent European country through the help of a magpie to become as prosperous as other European nations is one that exceeds comprehension; in other words, this idea Magnasco conveys in the painting is sublime, but the painting itself is not.

Marketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy - 1205 Words

Any company, of any size that is successful in marketing always starts with a marketing plan. Large companies have plans with hundreds of pages; while small companies can get by with a half-dozen sheets. You should at the very least refer to it quarterly, but better yet monthly. By adding monthly reports on sales/manufacturing; this will allow you to track performance as you follow the plan. Any marketing plan begins with an assessment of your company’s current situation. This should include the 5 Cs; customer, company contest, collaborators and competitors. You can then draw on these to develop segments and chose what sections you want to focus on; per the strategizing stage which consists of segmentation, targeting and positioning. The STP segments usually involve summaries of marketing research. Marketing and financial goals then stipulate the objectives the company wished to achieve and how success and your return on investment will be measured. The 4P section; produc t, price, place and promotion section will be long and detailed because it should contain all the small details of your marketing plans as well as the master plan of your strategy. You should at the very least refer to it quarterly, but better yet monthly. By adding monthly reports on sales/manufacturing; this will allow you to track performance as you follow the plan. Your marketing plan should cover one year; for both large and small companies. Things change, people leave, markets evolve, andShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy909 Words   |  4 PagesA marketing plan is crucial to the survival of an organization. Marketing plans need to be well thought out and target a certain market. The market that an organization chooses will demonstrate what direction they want the organization to head in. However, choosing just one market will be problematic to the organization because they will be missing out on other opportunities to grow. 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Economic Development Of Asian Countries Essay - 794 Words

Arthur Tuggle III Professor Cheryl A. D’Mello Com 201 30 November 2016 In my research, I will consider the economic development of three Asian countries – Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Rapid growth of the Asian countries appears to be a starting point of studying economic development theory on practice. The importance of the study of the causes of rapid growth of the East Asian countries lies in the application of the results to other developing countries. The contrast between East Asian and Latin American experience has attracted a great deal of attention. The formerly centrally planned developing economies, notably China and Vietnam, have drawn on the experience accumulated by Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Attempts are also being made to use the East Asian experience to assist reconstruction in Central and Eastern Europe. (Adams and Davis, 1994: 8-26). When many developing countries, after following growth defeating policies for thirty years or more, began to pursue the sort of basic economic reforms that Thailand and Singapore had adopted in the 1950s and early 1960s, a new ‘adjustment’ fashion emerged. Originally seen in a need to adjust to external ‘shocks’ to an economy, it soon became evident that adjustment was primarily needed to overcome domestic policy distortions. A shopping list of macro- and microeconomic reform measures, labeled the ‘Washington Consensus’, was drawn up and there was much discussion of the proper sequencing of these reforms inShow MoreRelated Asian Essay946 Words   |  4 Pages Asian Financial Institutions and Markets The Asian financial markets can be compared to the economic philosophy of mercantilism, which is regulated commerce to produce a favorable balance of trade. Governments regulate production techniques to ensure the quality of exports, and in general, subsidize production in their exporting industries. Tariffs can be high on imported manufactured goods and low on imported raw materials. The state exercises much control over economic life in these environmentsRead MoreThe Era Of Co Operation And Developing International Relations1654 Words   |  7 Pagesera of co-operation and developing international relations. Globalization has brought countries closer to one another and has formed different organizations and alliance for mutual benefits. Representatives of nations gather in a common platform and discuss their countries benefits, interests, problems and work together to achieve their goals. SAARC is such an organization. SAARC is the acronym for South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. As a clear form the name SAARC is an inter-governmentalRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Politics And Public Policy810 Words   |  4 Pagesphenomenon allows economic and politics of one country penetrate others (Mittelman, 1997). In addition, the factors of globalization includes the spatial reorganization of production, the industrialization across borders, the expansion of financial markets, the diffusion of identical consumer goods to distant countries, massive transfers of population and emerging worldwide preference for democracy (Mittelman, 1997). It can be seen that democratizing countries have gained ability in economic improvementRead MoreImpact Of The Asian Financial Crisis Of 1997 On The Region s Development1704 Words   |  7 PagesExamine the impact of the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 on the region’s development â€Å"Since World war II, development has been the most important term used to describe economic, social and political changes in what have come to be known as Third world countries† (Zhang, 2003). The Asian financial crisis of 1997 had a major impact on the regions development as it was the end of the East Asian economic miracle, a time that showed staggering economic growth throughout the Asia Pacific. HoweverRead MoreThe Effect of Recent Financial Crisis and Regulatory Implications in Asia1532 Words   |  7 Pagescrisis began in United States in 2007 and spread to other countries. The crisis was triggered by a liquidity shortfall in United States banking system and resulted to the collapse of financial institutions. Asia is one major continent in which the recent financial crisis had spread. The impact of the crisis had far reaching effects on the economy of Asia than many people had anticipated. Historically, the economy of many Asian countries was extremely strong compared to that of most advanced WesternRead MoreWhat Is The Consequences Of The Tunisian Economy?981 Words   |  4 PagesTunisian economic conditions, certain indicators reveal that some elements of the economy are lagging behind. The rate of unemployment is a useful indicator of the economy as well. These rates have been increasing in recent years, hitting an all-time high in mid last year. Opportunities Resolving the various anomalies affecting the economy of Tunisia is bound to foster economic development. The country’s relations with other countries is also a determinant factor in the process of economic developmentRead MoreFunctions of Apec1678 Words   |  7 PagesFunctions of APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was established in order to enhance economic and diplomatic understanding between Asian and Pacific nations. In the present context of emerging cooperation between Asian and non Asian nations, it is important to analyze the functions of this organization. This paper will analyze the role of the APEC from its inception till today. The APEC shows the emergence of economic understanding between the two regions Asia and Pacific. ThisRead MoreImport Substitution Industrialization And The East Asian Model1361 Words   |  6 PagesIndustrialization and the East Asian Model After the end of the World War II the world faced the challenges of economic and social recovery. The majority of developing countries based their economies on Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), a state-oriented approach to a trade and economic policy. ISI supports the replacement of import with domestic production in order to reduce foreign dependency. This protectionist policy dominated in developing countries, especially in Latin America andRead MoreWhy The East Asian Miracle Really Helped East Asia s Economical Growth1484 Words   |  6 Pagestheir economic growth before, The East Asian Miracle, occurred. The East Asian miracle has really helped East Asia’s economical growth. During this semester we have come across The East Asian Miracle, and how it came about. I have read The Four Little Dragons, also the World Bank report and Balassa’s article. Each one of the readings have different and similar arguments in why The East Asian Miracle happened. While The Four Little Dragons has a bit of a different argument on how The East Asian MiracleRead MoreAsian Tigers Vs. South Korea1473 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION The Asian tigers are four countries named Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. These states were highly developed countries. These countries were the first states that shifted to industrialization. All the four Asian tigers have a lot of people who are very educated and are perfect in undertaking their tasks. These countries developed and implemented different policies and this result in economic prosperity and tried to do them than any other state. For instance, Hong Kong

Deforestation - 1213 Words

CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION In some cases, deforestation can be beneficial. Given the right mix of social needs, economic opportunities, and environmental conditions, it can be a rational conversion from one type of land use to a more productive one. The tragedy lies in the fact that most lands that have been deforested in recent decades are not suited for long-term farming or ranching and they quickly degrade once the forest has been cut and burnt. Unlike the fertile soils of temperate latitudes, most tropical forest soils cannot sustain annual cropping. The carrying capacity of the soil will not support intensive annual cropping without rapid, irreversible degradation. Similarly, intensive cattle grazing cannot be supported because†¦show more content†¦This is due to the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere, which has risen by about 25 per cent in the last 150 years. Although it is less than 1/20 of one per cent of the earth s atmosphere, carbon dioxide has a high capaci ty to absorb radiant heat (Woodall, 1992). The negative consequences of global warming are catastrophic -- increasing drought and desertification, crop failures, melting of the polar ice caps, coastal flooding, and displacement of major vegetation regimes. The amount of carbon currently in the atmosphere is estimated to be about 800,000 million tons and is increasing at the rate of about 1 percent annually. Deforestation is an important contributor to global warming, however, its contribution relative to the other factors is not precisely known. The principal cause of global warming is the excessive discharges in industrialized countries of greenhouse gases, mostly from the burning of fossil fuels. Annual discharges from burning fossil fuels are estimated to be about 6,000 million tons of carbon, mostly in the form of carbon dioxide. It is thought that an additional 2,000 million tons or about 25 percent of the total carbon dioxide emissions are a consequence of deforestation and forest fires (WCFSD, 1997). At the regional le vel, deforestation disrupts normal weather patterns, creating hotter and drier weather. Unfortunately, efforts to find solutions to the deforestation crisis has not been as success inShow MoreRelatedDeforestation : Deforestation And Deforestation2094 Words   |  9 Pagesto deforestation. The Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest and it is the world’s source of oxygen. Deforestation has slowed down years ago, but now, it is starting to increase and does not show that it will slow down. Earth without tree’s, the human race and animals would not be able to survive. Today’s society is not taking deforestation as a serious matter. If deforestation were to be left alone, the planet and animals would not be the only ones suffering from it. Deforestation isRead MoreDeforestation Is The Real Consequences Of Deforestation1231 Words   |  5 Pageslike without these forests? If the rate of deforestation continues to increase then we may have to find o ut the answer to that question. Deforestation is a recurring global problem which is the act of tearing down a forest to use the land for a different purpose. Today’s society is so steadfast on advancement that they aren t stepping back to look at the solutions to the problem, alternatives, nor the very real consequences of deforestation. Deforestation could be destroyed in multiple ways. One ofRead MoreDeforestation And Its Effects On Deforestation1505 Words   |  7 Pagesdisappear.† It’s time for the government to take action on deforestation. Rainforests are an important location for indigenous people and animals because that’s where their home belongs. Yet the government and organizations ignore those facts and just demolish their homes in order to gain a new location for productions. It’s a topic that’s constantly debated in politics and society should take a recognition on what’s happening in deforestation. More than half of the world’s rainforests are destroyedRead MoreArticle Review On Deforestation And Deforestation999 Words   |  4 Pagesstate.gov/habitat-loss. The article focuses on the habitat loss due to deforestation. The author talks about the different purpose of deforestation such as agriculture, forestry, or water projects that endangers the species that live in the area. The article is based on information taken from World Wildlife Fund, IUCN, and Red List. The information that the author provides is important and useful to the topic of deforestation. Overall, the article is well written and well researched. MainstreamRead MoreDeforestation And The Global Issue Of Deforestation934 Words   |  4 Pagessocial causes of deforestation are predominantly created by human needs. In turn these causes hinder sustainability. This report states that although it is important to meet the needs of humans, the needs must be satisfied in a sustainably conscious manner. For this to be achieved, direct effects of each human need must be critically analysed and understood. This paper aims to deliver this by identifying particular human actions that contribute to the global issue of deforestation. Furthermore, theRead MoreDeforestation Is Justified By Deforestation1964 Words   |  8 Pagesdioxide, a toxic gas. As deforestation occurs, many forests are being wiped out and replaced with farmland. This leads to the question â€Å"Can Deforestation Be Justified?† For the purpose of this essay, deforestation can be defined as Deforestation is the clearing of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest us. Deforestation can be justified because it provides land for farming and natural resources. On the other hand, deforestation cannot be justified becauseRead MoreThe Deforestation Of The Amazons Deforestation1809 Words   |  8 PagesThe Amazons Deforestation Have your eyes ever set on a barren land where even technology can’t reverse the damage we have caused? We care mostly for the present, but we must never forget to see to the future and in this case the deforestation of the Amazons. â€Å"Deforestation is considered the second largest anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere† (Song et al. 2). Each day we are wiping out miles of trees from one of our most diverse ecosystems in the planet, and one of our largestRead MoreDeforestation Analysis994 Words   |  4 Pagesprices, conservation policies and deforestation in Colombia, a multiple regression model will be constructed to relate the changes in forest cover (variable pending) by established period of time, tipping points in the policies (independent variable ) and variation in the agricultural prices (control variable) (Assuncao et al., 2015, Reyes-Hernà ¡ndez et al., 2003). The following describes each of the variables to be analyzed in the study: Deforestation Deforestation data will be collected from theRead MoreDeforestation2514 Words   |  11 Pagesproblem which in this case is deforestation explored though the areas interconnectedness with Biodiversity and Conservation Biology as well as the area of Soil and Agriculture. Furthermore the first part contains a relevant environmental awareness and responsibility plan. The second part contains my own â€Å"Statement of Environmental Awareness and Responsibility† DEFORESTATION – a challenge to sustainable environment on Earth By Eric Notulu Mubuka INTRODUCTION Deforestation is commonly defined as:Read MoreDanger of Deforestation2627 Words   |  11 PagesThe Danger of Deforestation(rough draft) By Chenghao Chen ENGL 289 Mrs. Michelle Graf 7/1/2012 It is obvious the importance of the forest vegetation to everyone in the society. However, people in the past ages did a kind of thing that they thought was very meaningful—cutting down the trees. When they recall this history, most of them cannot be restrained from their remorse and guilty to it. Trees or forest are things that not only protect the environment but also help people to live better

Analysis Of Piano And Hide And Seek - 2479 Words

‘Piano’ and ‘Hide and seek’ show fond, vivid memories of childhood. The writers have obviously lived a happy life as they write in a joyful tone; this reflects the sentiment of Christie’s quotation. In contrast ‘A Mother in a refugee camp’ and ‘Prayer before Birth’ describe the horror of growing up in a poor environment. ‘Prayer before Birth’ indicates that life is a lottery and it is a matter of luck whether you avoid the hardships and pain of life. However ‘If-’ tries to guide the child away from making mistakes. ‘If,’ describes growing up to be a good and happy person, rather than a fulfilled childhood. ‘Prayer before Birth’ is a dark and disturbing poem written from the point of view of the unborn child who is preaching to God that when he is born, hoping he is not affected by the horrors of society. Macneice s negative views towards current society are shown through the fetus’ spiteful thoughts; in the fifth stanza, Macneice lists how the unborn child wants to avoid ‘bureaucrats’ hectoring him, avoid being laughed at ‘by lovers’ and not be frowned at by ‘mountains’-this portrays how paranoid the fetus is. Not only is he worried about being judged by ordinary people, but also the landscape surrounding him. The influence of nature will affect his unspoilt unborn form, but he should not be looking at it pessimistically. One of the most powerful effects used by Macneice is the repetition of the phrase ‘I am not born yet.’ This emphasises the fact that he has not yetShow MoreRelatedAn Unknown Girl Analysis1379 Wor ds   |  6 Pages↠ A Passage To Africa. (Narrative Article, Literary  Analysis.) Poetry Analysis: An Unknown Girl- Moniza  Alvi. 28May In the evening bazaar Studded with neon An unknown girl Is hennaing my hand She squeezes a wet brown line Form a nozzle She is icing my hand, Which she steadies with her On her satin peach knee. In the evening bazaar For a few rupees An unknown girl is hennaing my hand As a little air catches My shadow stitched kameez A peacock spreads its lines Across my palm. Read MoreMonty The Penguin : A Different Perspective1273 Words   |  6 Pagesthe opening seconds of Monty, sound is masterfully mixed to generate a sense of sentimentality and peacefulness in the viewer. If one listens carefully, he or she can hear the repetition of the words â€Å"it’s real love† in the song. Alongside a soft piano hook and a joyful, innocent child’s laugh, we are instantly put at ease with the company advertising. However, as the story progresses, there is a distinct crescendo in the background music played, while the child’s laughter, and eventually speechRead MoreMany Elements of Tragedy in Streetcar Names Desire by Tennessee Williams2554 Words   |  11 Pageshusband had stuck a revolver into his mouth, and fired and the back of his head was blown away. He did this such thing because he felt as though no one would accept him for what he really was, a homosexual. The purpose of this literacy criticism/ analysis pape r is to demonstrate how the critic used literary devices such as character, setting, theme, and imagery to critique the authors work. The Critic Henthorne claims that the character Blanche DuBois often played a victim in the play. She isRead More The Pathological Protagonist of Dostoevsky’s Notes from the Underground2598 Words   |  11 Pagessatisfactory analysis of Notes from the Underground must keep in mind the singular consciousness and unreliability of its narrator. If he is simply the mouthpiece for Dostoevsky’s own ideas, then why is the novel structured as it is, placing Dostoevsky at a double remove from the events it recounts? As Gary Rosenshield writes, the underground man who tells the story is not the same as the underground man who acts in it, and neither can be identified with Dostoevsky, whose hidden judgment hides behind bothRead More Dostoevsky’s Notes from the Underground - Exposing the Unseen Depths of the Human Mind2586 Words   |  11 Pagesnumber one. We are taught to fend for ourselves and hide emotion. To let anyone see that emotion would be going too far: it woul d open secrets allowing for hurt and rejection. Opening that door leaves one vulnerable. When Liza seeks our narrator at his home days later, he almost allows himself to experience this rush. She comes to him as pure as a girl on to a stage. It looks very different from this angle-- bigger, brighter, realer. The piano strikes the opening chords and her hands shake a littleRead MoreEmily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Personal Influence on Wuthering Heights1820 Words   |  8 Pagesto open their own school. Emily herself was a teacher for a year, but succumbed under the stress of teaching. After returning home, she took over the jobs of a stay-at-home woman while still maintaining her education by teaching herself German and piano. At the age of twenty four, Emily returned to school to perfect her various languages. The sisters still planned on opening their own school, which they succeeded in doing after their aunt’s death (Emily Jane Brontà «). However, the school was not openRead MorePropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 Pageswhat amazes me more than all else? The impotence of force to organize anything. It is the purpose of this book to explain the structure of the mechanism which controls the public mind, and to tell how it is manipulated by the special pleader who seeks to create public acceptance for a particular idea or commodity. It will attempt at the same time to find the due place in the modern democratic scheme for this new propaganda and to suggest its gradually evolving code of ethics and practice. 18 Read More Choose 2 scenes in Twelfth Night and state how you would direct them4950 Words   |  20 Pageswould overpower Sir Andrew, standing high and tall looking down upon him, while Sir Andrew looks inferior and looks up to Sir Toby. In the room they stand in, there would be a long table with some chairs set around it. There should also be an old piano and a brighter lighting to the room. This is so as later on, Sir Toby and friends start singing carelessly. Also, it is late in the night, and hence, a brighter lighting would be suitable to bring out their joy and laughter. While Sir Toby is tryingRead More8th Habit Summary6493 Words   |  26 Pagesenergy into discipline. They don’t deny reality. They accept the sacrifice entailed in doing whatever it takes to realize their vision. Only the disciplined are truly free. Only a person who has disciplined him- or herself for decades to play the piano is free to create magnificent art. Great achievers develop their emotional energy into passion — desire, conviction and drive. Passion appears as optimism, excitement, emotional connection and determination, and is deeply rooted in the power of choiceRead MoreEssay Writing9260 Words   |  38 Pagesopinion plays a significant role in the process. However, a certain objective standard needs to be maintained and, as in a persuasive essay, your assertions need to be proved. The formality of the review will be determined by how much of the essay is analysis, how much is summary, and how much is your reaction to the work you are reviewing. A more formal review will not only discuss the work on its own merits but also place it in context. Newspapers and popular magazines tend to review in terms of finance:

The Federal Minimum Wage Essay - 1035 Words

The selling point that has brought people to the United States for centuries is the American dream: Prosperity, Luxury, Opportunity, and so on. Unfortunately for many, this dream has been squandered by the receding economy of an indebted country. As inflation runs rampant, the value of the U.S. dollar decreases, lowering the value of household and business incomes. This economic recession has led many, especially those who only earn the minimum wage, to poverty. According to the United States Department of Labor, â€Å"The federal minimum wage is $7.25 per hour† (â€Å"Wage and Hour Division†). Some people believe that a solution to this problem is to raise the minimum wage; however, doing so would ultimately result in a negative effect on the†¦show more content†¦An increase in the minimum wage would push companies to take this route as it becomes more and more profitable to them. The end result of all of this would be a suddenly increased level of unemploymen t bound to become subsequent with an increase in government-funded welfare expenses, weakening the economy even more. And while these effects are more on the scale of large corporations, small businesses may yet also feel the effects of the minimum wage. With even fewer resources to rely on, a small business would have a harder time progressing and growing; a small business has only a small selection of workers who may be indispensable, so downsizing may be out of the picture, forcing them to cut back expenses, thus stunting their growth and leaving room for large corporations to take over the local industries. This, of course, presents another problem in today’s society concerning capitalism and a free market economy – when a small business grows weak financially; larger corporations have an opportunity to sweep in and seize hold of the local market for specific goods and services, drawing money out of that town and into the pockets of greedy companies. For example, a local burger joint or mom pop store could be crippled by a turn of the economy, causing them to raise prices and cut back on expenses. However, the local McDonalds or Walmart would only be affected by a relatively smaller margin, spearheading these corporations into theShow MoreRelatedRaising The Federal Minimum Wage889 Words   |  4 Pagesraising the federal minimum wage would positively effect the economy. In doing so, I will be discussing how an increase in the federal minimum wage would make a vast improvement on the way many low income families live, and also how raising the federal minimum wage would boost the economy as it desperately needs. In raising the federal minimum wage, one might argue that it would cause a spike in the unemployment rate. The reasoning is that it would force employers to balance the increase in wages thatRead MoreU.s. Federal Minimum Wage Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesCongress passed the federal minimum wage law in 1938 as part of their Fair Labor Standards Act. Federal minimum wages were intended to ensure fair wages were paid to an alarming amount of women and youths employed and paid substandard wages. This also seems to be the case today, where countless Americans who work full time, cannot make ends meet by making minimum wage. Evidence shows that raising the minimum wage would drive consumer spending, thus producing faster macroeconomic growth. Wage stagnation isRead MoreU.s. Federal Minimum Wage Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesThe current U.S. Federal Minimum Wage is $7.25 per hour. In just two years from 2013, the demanded from advocates for raising minimum wage rose from $9 to $15. Howe ver, raising the minimum wage is more complex than simply raising the number of federal standard of pay for employees. Relative control groups and other market activities play a part in the outcome of the minimum wage. For example, one instance of market activity was observers said that raising the minimum wage did not hurt individuals;Read MoreThe Federal Minimum Wage Law962 Words   |  4 PagesThe federal minimum wage law was signed in 1938 by President Franklin Roosevelt in order to keep people out of poverty and increase consumer purchasing power. This has done the opposite by hurting businesses and reducing employment, while minimum wages go up, so will the costs of living. Most of the people working for minimum wage are 16 between 24 years old, 37% of workers are going to school working part time. Enrollment tuition has increased over the years, and raising the minimum wage couldRead MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage799 Words   |  4 Pages In the US, President Barack Obama urges Congress to raise the federal minimum wage to $10.10 an hour from $7.25. Although some Republicans oppose to this action, overwhelming majority of Americans see that is a good idea (The Guardian, 2014). Regarding to the issue of minimum wage, there have been lots of debates for a long time. Some economists such as Milton Friedman deeply believe that minimum wage kills jobs, but some like Alan Krueger and David Card think, to some extend, it actually increasedRead MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage1277 Words   |  6 Pagesraising the federal minimum wage that has developed nation wide attention, including protesting and arguments, has caused many discussions on why it could potentially help the economy grow and how it could result in the crash of the economy. Many people feel like raising the federal minimum wage is a must, while others think it will destroy the economy. There are many benefits that come with raising the federal minimum wage, but those benefits al so come with many disadvantages. The first federal minimumRead MoreReducing The Federal Minimum Wage2047 Words   |  9 Pagesof increasing in the federal minimum wage has been hotly debated in Congress and between politicians and activists since the most recent increase to $7.25 in 2009. The Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2013 proposed a $10.10 federal minimum wage increase but failed in Congress, while a more recent proposition, the 2016 Raise The Wage Act, hopes to put wages at $12 per hour by the year 2020 (14). Propositions like these seek to allow lower-income working families to earn a living wage but they have faced resistanceRead MoreThe Federal Minimum Wage Rate1774 Words   |  8 PagesConcerning the wage rate, the United States government has intervened to maintain a lower limit on the hourly wage rate of a worker’s labor by implementing a price floor known as the minimum wage rate. This legal floor on the market price of labor sets a minimum hourly pay rate for workers in the United States. Effectiv e July 24, 2009 the federal minimum wage rate is $7.25; in states that also have minimum wage laws the employee may be subject to both federal and state minimum wage laws, in whichRead MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage1225 Words   |  5 Pages Study shows that wage increases do lower poverty, by 2.4% if wage at $8.00, consistent with other studies. (Washington Post/ Arin Dube) 1. Raising the federal minimum wage doesn’t cause substantial unemployment as most economists agree, including over 600 economists who wrote a letter to Congress urging a wage increase, and the Economic Policy Institute. A. Identify shortcomings of the opposition (fallacies they make, or weaknesses in the evidence they use) 1. Arin Dube’s study would be great,Read MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage969 Words   |  4 Pages At the heart of this plan was the idea that wages must be set and fair. â€Å"No business which depends for existence on paying less than living wages to its workers has any right to continue in this country.†(Roosevelt) This plan became the Fair Labor Standards Act, which set the Federal Minimum wage. Minimum wage has increased, slowly, over the years, but has not kept up with its intended purpose. Raising the federal minimum wage to a fair living wage level will improve the lives of the working poor

Essay on Food Wine & Festival Tourism

Question: Write an essay about the Food, Wine and Festival Tourism. Answer: 1. Introduction: Increased demand in tourism and competition between various destinations and places is a result of globalization. Destinations are in competition and pitted amongst each other with nothing really to be distinguished from each other. This has propelled various destinations to have focused on the distinctive characteristic features the likes of, innovative branding, products, solutions and establish a substantial selling proposal. In the recent past, food tourism has attracted attention from various quarters, by and large. It has garnered recognition from business, governments, and academics form an integral part of the tourism product and also as a means of segregation for destinations. There are various benefits that are associated with food tourism which encompasses concerned and relevant stakeholders (Alonso and Liu 2013). The fact of the matter is, local food or regional cuisine assumes greater importance in this regard. The local produce adds to authenticity to tourist understand ing and offers huge motivation for tourists or visitors to be in a location. Here, it is important to learn that tourists are persuaded to stay at one place for a longer period owing to the availability of foods and beverages that the particular place caters to. The following report delves in demonstration of understanding and knowledge of the literature perspective governing the contribution of food, wine and festival tourism linked to the development, marketing along with management of destinations which specifies how and to what extent tourism business has been successful or for that matter been a failure and also outline the key strategies involved for maximization of positive outcomes from the explanation. 2. Discussion: 2.1 Literature Framework and Review: There has been a number of researches that have investigated the motivational factors and level of activity of wine and food tourism. All the relevant researches indicate that the consumers normally visit wine regions located in South Australia to unwind and relax and also for experiencing regional scenery and setting and also to spend quality time with their close ones. Here quality restaurants and other factors assume to be of paramount importance along with heritage features, and other pertinent factors contributing to the motivation for visiting the wineries and food paradises (Verdonk et al. 2015). The Wine Federation of Australia deserves special mention in this regard. As many as twenty-four wineries were selected from different parts of the region which have been identified through the means of tourism awards as being tourism-oriented. These findings deduce that tourism project and analysis is a favorable proposition in this perspective. Overall, the publication explains that there is a shift in general mindset for accommodating tourism as an essential part of the wine industry. Some studies have taken an exhaustive analysis of cultural identity with that if festivals and events. The impact of festival tourism is though not always obvious (Schweinsberg and Wearing 2013). The influx of tourists may result in a change in the community infrastructure to cater to the needs and serve the festival investors. This is, in turn, portrays a positive association amongst festival sustainability and also community benefits. Even though festivals and special events assumed to be fastest growing tourism attractions and research theme for tourism researchers, substantial researchers have laid emphasis on the perspective of sustainability about food and wine tourism festival. The conceptualization of festival practices as socially sustaining devices is important to consider the context of sustainable tourism. It is stated in this study that, the rationale of sustainable festival management and event organization usually rest on the assurance of removable economic, social, and cultural benefits to the human community and urban life (Rahman and Reynolds 2015). 2.2 Food and wine festivals: Cultural impacts: Food and wine offer an array of ethnic, cultural aspects and programs which pose deep reaching impact in the business sector. The ethnic aspect in this regard deserves special mention. Food and wine festival is somewhat different to that of other forms of the festival. Such extravaganzas represent substantial tourist attraction and impel upon key motivations for the travel. Food festivals which entail over several enterprises and a host of interesting and enticing events are frequently organized (Grybovych et al. 2013). The number of events engaged in the celebration of local fare with farmer markets is on the higher side which further attracts both the locals and tourists which come with a wide assortment of fresh products and items. It is important to learn that food and wine festivals are somewhat not an individual food tasting experience or practice, but an overall and collective tourism experience. Food which is offered on carnivals and festivals also act as a vehicle of communi cation thereby conveying a strong message concerning the status, tradition and tradition about the particular cultural environment (Pearce 2016). Festival visitors may have the opportunity to socialize and accommodate themselves in cultural activities, the likes of visiting art galleries, and historical places and other notable areas. This not only helps them to discover traditional gastronomic pleasure but also enjoy the wineries located at the place of festival. In the given context, Melbourne Food and Wine Festival deserve special mention, which is one of the hallmarks of Australia. The festival operates on a not-for-profit basis which delves in the promotion of talent, lifestyle and production of Victoria and Melbourne (Taylor and Shanka 2015). Positive Impact: The most importance positives in this regard should be in promotion of Melbourne as Australias food and wine capital. The festival has catapulted to become known for events, the likes of, Langham Melbourne MasterClass. The extravaganza is being managed by a specific board of management and supported by team members who are at the helm of various affairs. Such occasions exert cultural inequality among the masses. This further has implications of various means in the culture of the place. Negative Impacts: Moreover, with the influx of certain untoward elements from various part of the world, the sanity and security of the actual location where the festival takes place thereby posing cultural as well as security threats to the entire populace and society. While promoting for the extravaganza, it should be noted that the organizers or appropriate authorities are abreast of the cultural value of the society, by and large which may be deemed as recommendations also in the same regard. Recently, the Food and Wine Festival completed twenty years of celebration which saw more than thirty events being staged along with Yarra River of Melbourne and Docklands. Such festivals persist to receive acclamation both on the regional and international level (Mitchell et al. 2012). The planners of this festival were meticulous on managing the whole scheme of things in keeping with cultural norms and values. 2.3 Food and wine festivals: Social impacts The food and wine festival has far reaching impact as far as social perspective is concerned. Such festival helps in creating a cultural image of the society and state where it operates or functions. The same also affects the quality of life of the residents (Tolkach et al. 2015). Characteristically food and wine festivals stem out within the society or for that matter community, as a response associated with a desire for celebrations of their exclusive identity. The same may be construed as themed community occasion planned to occur for a period that celebrates the valued facets of the communitys lifestyle. The contact level with tourists is a foremost factor which controls the resident perceptions with the influence of tourism in the spectrum of social lives. The positives are discussed as follows. The intensity of connection with the tourists is an additional aspect that controls resident discernment of the tourism impact. Various experts opine that a high level of association with the tourists is linked with pessimistic insight concerning the impacts of food and wine tourism (Carlsen and Boksberger 2015). In contrast, it has been observed that a substantial level of vacationer association results in constructive perceptions concerning impact of tourism. Negative Impacts: However the negatives are mainly; Food and wine festivals attract various individuals from across the globe to a particular region. Sometimes, it creates a social imbalance and people or for that matter tourist takes the center stage and endangers the natives or denizens of the region. Various experts have recommended that it is as a consequence of distinctive interface flanked by multifarious tourists, along with a destination area and the inhabitants that propel in the occurrence of social impacts. For instance, Canberra Craft Beer and Cider Festival in Canberra which exerts immense social impact and value to the culture, by and large (Osmond et al. 2015). 2.4 Food and Wine destinations: Economic impacts Any festival or extravaganza is associated with the scale of economy, and fiscal features, and food and wine festival is no exception to this regard. Positive Impacts: The festival of such grand scale generates huge positivity in the form of substantial addition to the economy of the region and aids in augmentation of regional development and growth. The given perspective may be best explained in the light of Melbourne Wine and Food Festival, which will elucidate the viewpoint. The factual reality is, the Melbourne Wine and Food Festival garnered more than USD 23.7 million in total value as an added contribution to Victorias Gross State Product (Lee et al. 2016). The seventeen essential events of the festival generated more than USD 14 million. While, on the other hand, the regional Victoria benefited immensely from a large number of events being happening on an annual basis, thereby generating more than USD 6 million as revenue. This has resulted in employment generation for more than 552 positions on a full-time basis. Visitors from Interstate and Overseas made more than 12,500 attendances at Festival events around the State. Ne arly 80% of these were to key metropolitan events. On average these visitors spent more than double a number of local visitors. Interstate and Overseas visitors generated USD 4.8 million in value added contribution to the Victorian economy. The Festival was directly responsible for attracting more than eighty-five percent of this spending in its role in inducing visitors to come to Victoria (Strickland et al. 2015). Customers spent more than USD 10 million on food beverages and entertainment surrounding their visit to Festival events. This spending is generated above and beyond the ticket sale revenue. Over 200,000 attended the Festivals regional and metropolitan events. Customers consistently rated their satisfaction at events as above eighty percent. More than a quarter of all customers to the Festival have been attending for more than four years. Negative Impacts: Owing to substantial investment in such occasions by the associated bodies, the economy of that region takes a hit and thus exposed to crisis in the long term. People are motivated to splurge in such extravaganza which automatically increases the spending capacity of the locals or inhabitants of the region. Sometimes, it is observed that they are exposed to detrimental issues due to lack of considerable funds or liquidity as assets that may have come handy in case of any unforeseen circumstances (NS Robinson and Getz 2014). 2.5 Industry involvement: Economic-political impacts Political assertion cause immense involvement with regard to food and wine festivals. On a political parlance, governments embrace such events and occasions because they drive in substantial business and therefore such events are now deemed as economic generators. Experts are of the view that the rational which drives such mega events are mainly political since such events provide a base or platform of better trade as well as foreign relation (Johnson and Bastian 2015). As a matter of fact, gigantic events, the likes of, Australian Melbourne wine festival and food festivals being staged on a large scale are often being used to symbolize the authority or power of commodity relationship and dominance. The positive impacts in this regard are enumerated in details as follows. Such events are also been used for creation of a positive image of a region that had suffered from negative political events and happenings in the past. The events are being organized which provide political discourse with a mechanism as a vehicle to showcase the supremacy over others. As a matter of fact such events are also being organized by the political functionaries aiming to display the entire world of their initiatives that they are indulging in serious measures just to improve bilateral relationships between two nations by the means of highlighting the overall image (Kim and Bonn 2015). In this regard, it is worthwhile to mention that shrewd politicians are always on the lookout to be an important part of such an event which will keep the population happy and the same move may reap dividend in due course of time in the event of political exercises, like elections or so. The political stakeholders in th is regard may be political parties, funding organizations, sponsors, interested groups and governmental agencies. The positives that such actions derive are mainly, international prestige, social cohesion, development of administrative skills and faculty and promotion of investments. However the same comes with negative impacts which are namely, lack of accountability in the process, overall, misallocation of funds and risk or threats of failure of the whole event. Sometimes, host nation may develop cold relation with overseas political outfits and bodies thereby causing impediments to the entire scheme of things. Furthermore, conflicting interests may crop up in the proceedings which mean that the politically powerful will win and exploit over the interests and concerns of politically weak entities. Here, the instance of Mudgee Wine and Food Festival is of paramount importance in this regard. The extravaganza is held annually, mainly September to early October in Mudgee which draws immense political influence and attention (Scott and Duncan 2015). It may be recommended that the organizers or resources at the helm are meticulous to take stock of the issue and do not manipulate the festival with their control or political influence, whatsoever. 2.6 Sustainability of food and wine tourism: Environmental impacts Festivals can help to maximize the positive environmental impacts such as educating participants about environmental issues, the likes of, climate change, organic farming, and environmental leadership, using various programs or activities (Chen et al. 2016). The positives of such occasions are as follows. There are increasing numbers of food and wine festivals which incorporate many environmental practices such as using recycling glasses, waste management or seminars on environmental issues. Sustainability is a major factor in the parlance of wine and food festivals and hence this causes immense impact to the entire proposition (Fennell and Markwell 2015). The host environment may require an environmental impact assessment which requires to be conducted before competent governmental bodies or council before that is finally being initiated. The relevant aspects, the lies of crowd management, mass movement and other relevant facets should be incorporated in the scheme of things as a part of considerations. On the other hand; negative environmental impacts of many local festivals should not be overlooked as they have negatively influenced the local community and host environment. Other major concerns may be that of wear and tear on the phys ical and natural environment, issues relating to protection and maintenance of heritage affairs and disruption of local community deserves special mention. The most distinguished instance as a part of recommendations would be, organizers of Melbourne wine and food festival made it clear that they are conforming to the environmental and safety standards of the region and received appropriate clearances from competent departments before embarking on such extravaganza. They also ensured that Yarra River remains unaffected to that of festival proceedings and complied with environmental standards (Corigliano 2016). 3. Conclusion: The evolving and maturing areas are emerging slowly which exerts a flourishing amalgamation of various characteristics thereby assisting in the reputation that of destination for food and wine festivals. The key aspects discussed above includes, proximity to a popular capital city which possess natural attractive features. On the other hand, the invigorated wine regions based in the rural areas were deprived by the vital factor named tyranny of distance and the necessity to attain new markets. These are the evident and obvious characteristics that are required to be mulled over. Matching the wine regions and wine tourist profiles should enable better channeling of the wine tourists to the wine regions and to wineries that have the appropriate infrastructure in place. Here, the role of food deserves special mention and other amenities which come as good living attractions concerning wine tourism will also assume importance within the purview of wine typology. The factual reality is th is should aid in collaboration and greater cooperation amongst wine and food sectors. The distinguished wineries will be able to distinguish and be familiar with the competition, existing points of difference from the competition and also prospective partners for association and collaboration, which in turn would support them pertaining to marketing activities. They should be able to match their winery and their region with the most appropriate wine tourist profiles for gaining better perspective on the tourists and how they can be contented with the product they offer. The key channels and important bodies that can be important players are namely, State Tourism Organizations, local councils, tour and travel operators and various information centers governing the same. It is worth mentioning that better planning by industry associations, for example, Winemakers Federation of Australia, and other relevant associations and bodies may lead to greater visitor satisfaction and hence positive word of mouth which would further enhance the opportunity as well as success of fo od and wine festival tourism. References: Alonso, A.D. and Liu, Y., 2013. Local community, volunteering and tourism development: The case of the Blackwood River Valley, Western Australia. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(1), pp.47-62. Carlsen, J. and Boksberger, P., 2015. Enhancing consumer value in wine tourism. Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research, 39(1), pp.132-144. Chen, X., Bruwer, J., Cohen, J. and Goodman, S., 2016. A Wine Tourist Behavior Model for Australian Winery Cellar Doors. Tourism Analysis, 21(1), pp.77-91. Corigliano, M.A., 2016. Wine Routes and Territorial Events as Enhancers of Tourism Experiences. In Wine and Tourism (pp. 41-56). Springer International Publishing. Fennell, D. and Markwell, K., 2015. Ethical and sustainability dimensions of foodservice in Australian ecotourism businesses. Journal of Ecotourism, 14(1), pp.48-63. Grybovych, O., Lankford, J. and Lankford, S., 2013. Motivations of wine travelers in rural Northeast Iowa. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 25(4), pp.285-309. Johnson, T.E. and Bastian, S.E., 2015. A fine wine instrumentan alternative for segmenting the Australian wine market. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 27(3), pp.182-202. Kim, H. and Bonn, M.A., 2015. The Moderating Effects of Overall and Organic Wine Knowledge on Consumer Behavioral Intention. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 15(3), pp.295-310. Lee, C., Hallak, R. and Sardeshmukh, S.R., 2016. Innovation, entrepreneurship, and restaurant performance: A higher-order structural model. Tourism Management, 53, pp.215-228. Mitchell, R., Charters, S. and Albrecht, J.N., 2012. Cultural systems and the wine tourism product. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), pp.311-335. NS Robinson, R. and Getz, D., 2014. Profiling potential food tourists: An Australian study. British Food Journal, 116(4), pp.690-706. Osmond, A.M., Chen, T. and Pearce, P.L., 2015. Examining experience economy approaches to tourists' anticipated experiences: Mainland Chinese travellers consider Australia. European Journal of Tourism Research, 10, p.95. Pearce, P.L., 2016. Australian contributions to tourist behaviour studies. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 26, pp.84-90. Rahman, I. and Reynolds, D., 2015. Wine: Intrinsic attributes and consumers drinking frequency, experience, and involvement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 44, pp.1-11. Schweinsberg, S. and Wearing, S., 2013. Coal seam gas and its impacts on destination image assessment: an investigation into wine tourism in the Hunter Valley, NSW. CAUTHE 2013: Tourism and Global Change: On the Edge of Something Big, p.717. Scott, D. and Duncan, T., 2015. 11 Back to the Future: The Affective Power of Food in Reconstructing a Tourist Imaginary. The Future of Food Tourism: Foodies, Experiences, Exclusivity, Visions and Political Capital, 71, p.143. Strickland, P., Williams, K.M., Laing, J. and Frost, W., 2015. The Use of Social Media in the Wine Event Industry: A Case Study of the High Country Harvest in Australia. Successful Social Media and Ecommerce Strategies in the Wine Industry, p.74. Taylor, R. and Shanka, T., 2015. Analyzing A Taste of the ValleyFestival Success Factors: Exploratory Study. In Proceedings of the 2002 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 9-14). Springer International Publishing. Tolkach, D., King, B. and Whitelaw, P.A., 2015. Creating Australia's National Landscapes: Issues of collaborative destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing Management. Verdonk, N.R., Wilkinson, K.L. and Bruwer, J., 2015. Importance, use and awareness of South Australian geographical indications. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 21(3), pp.361-366.

Understand The Process For The Management Of A Project - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Understand The Process For The Management Of A Project. Answer: Introduction This report is based on the 10 weeks of study which has been conducted for the understanding of Project Management Methodologies. The subject has helped me to understand the process for the management of a project from the start of the process till the project is signed off to the client. The progress of the project is essential to make the project compatible with the requirement of the client (Serra Kunc, 2015). The phases of theproject management process had been completed and implemented in a project for the complete understanding. The different phases of a project had been studied under the different learning outcomes of the course of study of this subject. The use ofproject management methodologies also has the inclusion of work breakdown structure and financial stability in the work (Joslin Mller, 2015). The report comprises of the three learning outcomes which had been set forward during the initiation of the course. Discussion based on the three learning outcomes has also b een added in the report which would help in the completion of the report. The report also comprises of the reflective summary of the 10 week portfolio which had been compiled during the study. The completion of the subject has helped in the understanding of the process work for the completion of a project and the requirement of the client. Course Learning Outcomes Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management Methodologies Projects are unique and unpredictable in every way. All projects come with different requirements. All projects large or small in size needs to be properly managed. Thus it is the work of the project manager to work on the process of implementation of a goodProject Management Methodology for the completion of the task as per the requirement of the client. A proper project management methodology comprises of planning, strategies for effective communication, management of risk, monitoring of the progress of the project and the completion of the task as per the requirement of the project (Kostalova, Tetrevova Svedik, 2015). Apart from these the financial investment in the project is essential for a project to be executed. Management of a team of workers for the project is essential for the completion of project. There may be situation where the workers may not be familiar with one another and in unfamiliar terrain. Evidence The benefits of following a project management methodology are as follows: Effective planning can be compiled for the project can be compiled based on the working process of the project. The planning would also help in the proper maintenance and the follow up of the work related to the project (Lannon et al., 2015). Executing the project as per the requirement of the project. Along with the planning of the project there is the inclusion of proper controlling of the project work. The breakdown of the work for the project helps in the understanding of the responsibilities for the workers of the project. Using the PRINCE2 framework for the project would help in the planning of the project effectively (Schwindt Zimmermann, 2015). If for any problem the project crashes into a risk then the project management methodology would help in the use of effective contingency plan for the project. The use of the methodology also helps in the timely delivery of the project as well as keep the project within the budget of the client. Critically analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies upon stakeholders Stakeholders can be defined as the group of person or organisation who show an interest in the projects of the organisation in order to gain insight and in turn profit from the project turnover. They can be responsible for the effect on the outcome of the project along with them being effected by the outcome of the project (Kaiser, El Arbi Ahlemann, 2015). It needs to be considered that not all stakeholders of a project are on equal terms with the company. They can be called a part of the same group but would not be affected equally due to the project. A negative impact on the stakeholders can be considered to be when the company decides to cut cost in the project and cut out the stakeholders of the project (Klein, Biesenthal Dehlin, 2015). This can also have a negative impact on the project such as the financial support may fall due to the cut outs. Stakeholders are considered the main source of financial resources for the project that the company is going to undertake. As the sta keholders are directly related to the progress of the project it can be said that they are directly affected with the choice of project management methodology that is selected for the completion of the project. Evidence In the process of improvement of the stakeholders attachment to the project and the management of them an improved procedure has been developed for this with the inclusion of the risk management principles and the management leadership skills for the project. The experience of the project manager along with the proper management of the risk in the project would help in keeping the stakeholders of the project in check for the completion of the project (Hornstein, 2015). It is important for the project manager to be well versed on the theoretical and the risk process of the project in order to achieve success in the project. The theoretical application of the process has been studied from the PMBOK. Explain and justify the major elements of a Project Management Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation It has been found that there are a series of nine elements which are responsible for the determination of the success factor of the project management implementation (de Carvalho, Patah de Souza Bido, 2015). Each one of the nine elements are essential for the maintenance of the success element of the project. Evidence The nine elements which determine the success factor of the project are as follows: Predefined life cycle and milestone for the project timeline A stable form of requirements as well as the scope for the project. Proper definition of the organisation, system to follow and the roles of each individual in the project before the start of the project (Todorovi? et al., 2015). Assurance of the highest quality of work from the project manager. Planning of the proper amount of commitments during the project duration Analysis of the project progress as well as keeping the track of the project is essential. Taking decisions for the project in the correct form with proper justification. Timely management of the escalations from the client and the issues related to the work that has been done on the project. Authorization of the works for the project and the controlling of the changes required for the project. Discussion And Conclusion Based on the three learning outcomes provided for the completion of this report, has helped in the understanding of the topic of Project Management Methodologies. The explanation of the reasons which has prompted different organisations to adopt to the use of different methodologies for the completion of the project has helped in the understanding of the benefits of the use of the methodologies for the projects (Svejvig Andersen, 2015). The use of the methodologies is recommended for the companies in order to maintain the proper workflow of the system. The use of methodologies would help in the insurance for the planning and the control of the project that has been undertaken and the likelihood of the delivery of the project delivery on time would be met. The methods help in the designing of a road map for the project. The analysis of the impact that is caused on the stakeholders of the project due to the use of the methodologies can be described as the ability of gaining larger pro fit margin for the stakeholders. This can be achieved as there can be less amount of risk related to the project due to the methodologies. The major elements of the project management methods that help in the meeting of the work for the project are the use of proper work breakdown structure and proper financial report for the project (Parchami Jalal Matin Koosha, 2015). Maintenance of work and finance in a project can be said to be the most important aspect for the completion of the tasks. These work if met as per the requirements of the client would help in the completion of the project within the designated deadline and within the budget set for the project. The three learning outcomes has helped in the completion of the work as per the requirement of the study course. From the above report it can be concluded that the report has been able to meet with the requirements of the course of the subject. The learning outcomes has been met during the study for the weeks before. The 10 portfolios provide the best judgement of the theory which has been understood throughout the project course. This report consists of the reflection which has been met from the understanding of the 10 week long portfolio study. The implementation of the different Project Management Methodology can now be implemented in different project as per the requirements of the project. References de Carvalho, M. M., Patah, L. A., de Souza Bido, D. (2015). Project management and its effects on project success: Cross-country and cross-industry comparisons. International Journal of Project Management, 33(7), 15091522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.04.004 Hornstein, H. A. (2015). The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), 291298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.08.005 Joslin, R., Mller, R. (2015). Relationships between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts. International Journal of Project Management, 33(6), 13771392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.03.005 Kaiser, M. G., El Arbi, F., Ahlemann, F. (2015). Successful project portfolio management beyond project selection techniques: Understanding the role of structural alignment. International Journal of Project Management, 33(1), 126139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.03.002 Klein, L., Biesenthal, C., Dehlin, E. (2015). Improvisation in project management: A praxeology. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), 267277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.01.011 Kostalova, J., Tetrevova, L., Svedik, J. (2015). Support of Project Management Methods by Project Management Information System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 210, 96104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.333 Lannon, J., Loufrani-Fedida, S., Missonier, S., Samset, K., Volden, G. H., Todorovi?, M. L., Stellingwerf, R. (2015). Project success analysis framework: A knowledge-based approach in project management. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), 772783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.10.009 Parchami Jalal, M., Matin Koosha, S. (2015). Identifying organizational variables affecting project management office characteristics and analyzing their correlations in the Iranian project-oriented organizations of the construction industry. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), 458466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.06.010 Schwindt, C., Zimmermann, J. (2015). Project management and scheduling. Handbook on Project Management and Scheduling Vol. 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05443-8 Serra, C. E. M., Kunc, M. (2015). Benefits Realisation Management and its influence on project success and on the execution of business strategies. International Journal of Project Management, 33(1), 5366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.03.011 Svejvig, P., Andersen, P. (2015). Rethinking project management: A structured literature review with a critical look at the brave new world. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), 278290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.06.004 Todorovi?, M. L., Petrovi?, D. ?., Mihi?, M. M., Obradovi?, V. L., Bushuyev, S. D. (2015). Project success analysis framework: A knowledge-based approach in project management. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), 772783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.10.009project-management-journal